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Nov. 7, 1931 - Mao Zedong is elected chairman of the Chinese Soviet Republic and throws out Russian and Comintern foreign devils. |
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March 1932 - Shanghai: Yun Pong-Gil throws a bomb at a Japanese ceremony in Hingkew Park killing several Japanese officials and wounding scores of others, including the top military man in China, Gen. Shirakawa (who is to sign the surrender doc ument in 1945, with one leg crippled by Yun's bomb) - Chinese boycott of Japanese goods leads to the Battle of Shanghai; Japanese aircraft carriers go into action for the first time in the world's history. The League of Nations condemns Ja panese aggression in Manchuria. |
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Jan. 3, 1932 - The Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
forms the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army. The United Army brings together all
communist guerrilla units, formed spontaneously since early 1920's, including r emnants of
the Korean Independence Army and Kim Il Sung's partisans. Dec. 1932 - Kim Il Sung's army retreats to Mount Laohei to regroup. Kim joins forces with another Korean partisan group led by Yang Song Yong. Kim has some 90 partisans by this time. |
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Oct. 16, 1934 - The 90,000-men Chinese Red Army starts the 6,000-mile Long March. A young general Lin Piao leads the vanguard of the Red Army. Another young general Deng Hsiao Ping is deputy commander of the 12th Division. The "bandit" general , Chu Teh, is the Commander in Chief. Chu is a people's general - he lives and dresses like a peasant soldier and shares all hardships of a foot soldier; Chu's door is open to any soldier at any time; he carries his own baggage. Some 20,000 wounded so ldiers are left behind guarded by 6,000 volunteers commanded by Fang Chih Min and peasant guerrillas. Fang holds off Chiang's troops for several weeks, long enough for the main body of the Red Army to escape. Fang and his staff are captured and beheaded in public. |
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Feb. 12, 1935 - Chu Chin is arrested by the Yilan branch of the Japanese police (photo: the Yilan branch police display the trophy earned for capturing Chu Chin.) Chu Chin founded the 2nd Army of the Anti-Japanese United Army in May 1934. Many Koreans flocked to the 2nd Army because of its Korean commander and the army had more than 1,000 men organized into three divisions - 4th under Choe Hyon, 5th under a Chinese (Fang Zhensheng) and 6th under Kim Il Sung. Chu Chin was born in 1878 and fled to Manchuria when Japan annexed Korea in 1910. He was with the Korean Righteous Army and later with the Korean Independence Army prior to forming his own army. |
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May 12, 1935 - Yi Hong Gwang, another Korean guerrilla leader, is killed. His specialty was assassination of Korean traitors. His death gives rise to expanded activities by Korean traitors. NB: Later during the civil war in China, the Korean V olunteer Army was called the 'Yi Hong Gwang Unit'. (Photo: Korean volunteers in China.) |
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Oct. 25, 1935 - China: The Long March ends in north Shensi (photo: a small group of the survivors) with 7,000 survivors out of 90,000 who started the march 368 days ago. The average age of the soldiers is 19 and that of the officers is 24. A Korean general, Mu Chong, is one of the survivors. |
| Sept. 30, 1936 - An Pong Hak, commander of the 4th Division of 2nd Army surrenders to the Japanese. He is executed a few days later. | |
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Kim Il Sung's guerrillas are mostly young people in mid-20s. They are handsome,
educated and well-behaved. They are intelligent and extremely patient with the people. The
guerrillas work in teams - Armed Propaganda Team (APT). An APT consists of about six
guerrillas. The leader of a team is an experienced guerrilla highly motivated and usually
the oldest. An APT team includes one covert intelligence agent and several commandos for
combats. The intelligence gathering is done covertly. Likewise, executi ons of the
people's enemies are done quietly away from the crowd. Feb. 26, 1937 - Kim Il Sung defeats the Japanese police in Changbaik province near Mt. Paiktu. In a classic guerrilla warfare, Kim baits the Japanese with a small force of 50 men. The Japanese fall for the bait and walk into a trap set by 350 partisans . Kim kills 13 officers and captures 17. Cao Guoan's Chinese partisan unit of 150 men aids Kim Il Sung in this and other battles in the area. |
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June 4, 1937 - Kapsan: Kim Il Sun's partisans (6th Division, 2nd Army of the 1st Route
Army) aided by Park Tal's Kapsan Operation Committee raid Pochonbo. Some 200
partisans occupy the town and destroy Japanese installations. A few hou rs later, the
Hyesan garrison sends a detachment of police to investigate. The Japanese are ambushed by
the waiting guerrillas and seven Japanese policemen are killed. The guerrillas gather up
weapons, uniforms and other goodies and fade away into their mountain lairs. Park Tal
delivers some 80 recruits from Kapsan to Kim Il Sung. This raid is referred to as Hyesanjin
Incident by the Japanese. June 6, 1937 - Kim's partisans aided by Choe Hyon's unit raid a Japanese outpost near Mt. Paikdu and scores another victory. Next day, some 200 Japanese Ken-Pei (military police) in yellow uniforms arrive in trucks and start a massive manhunt. |
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Koreans suspected of aiding Kim Ilsung are arrested (photo: Park Chung Yol, 1st from right, standing, is from Kapsan - all four men sitting were beheaded. Pak Nok Kum, the woman standing on the left, was freed but killed in a 1940 fight with the Japa nese). Captured partisans are subjected to inhuman tortures which no one can withstand. |
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Sept. 1937 - China: Lin Piao's 115th Division scores the first major victory over the
Japanese at Ping Sing Pass. A Japanese mechanized column is ambushed and destroyed leaving
the first "supply" of field guns, radios, and vehicles for the Red Army. Dec. 1937 - Han Ho, commander, 1st Division, 1st Army, Kim San Ho, and Park Sun Il (Division Commander, 5th Army) are some of the many partisan leaders killed during this month. Aug. 6, 1938 - Yi Hak Man, Commander, 7th Army, is killed. Kan Tong, Kim Hak Sil (female), Ma Tong Hui, Yi Kye San (female), Kim Se Hyong (Deputy Commander, 1st Army) and many other partisans are killed on this day. |
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1938 - Japan engages in border war with the Soviet Red Army. Major battles erupt at Changkufeng
and Nomonhan. Japan's Kwantong Army suffers 50,000 casualties in both battles. The
Japanese are no match for the modern tanks, planes and artillery of Stalin's Red Army
(photo: a group of Russian officers meet with Japanese at the Nomonhan border.) May 1939 - Kim Il Sung raids several villages near Kapsan. Kim Il Sung is concerned with increasing defections in his ranks. His once trusted comrades - Kim Pong Jun, Yim U Song, Han In Hwa and Kim Chae Bum - have surrendered and leading Japanese police units to Kim's camps. |
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Feb. 23, 1940 - Yang Jinggyu, commander-in-chief of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army (photo: Yang's body in display) is killed by a group of Korean traitors led by Kim Sok Won, Col. Kaneyama Shakugen for Japanese. Cheng Ping, Yan g's trusted lieutenant, leads the Japanese to Yang's hideout. Yang is wounded and surrounded by his enemy - but refuses to surrender and fights to the end. The Japanese show their respect to this gallant warrior and give a samurai burial with Japanese ho nor guards. NB: Today, there is a museum and a town named after Yang in Manchuria. |
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Kim Sok Won reports to Gen. Nozoe Shotoku (photo: Nozoe, Yu Chenzhi and Col. Fukube Kunio.) Gen. Nozoe is the commander of a special Japanese army unit hunting down partisans in Manchuria. His unit is made of mostly Korean and Chinese traitors. G en. Nozoe has 30 million yen to buy turncoats. Kim Sok Won leads a special detachment composed of Korean traitors - "Special Kim Detachment" of the Japanese Imperial Army. Kim Sok Won receives the Order of Merit for bravery for killing fellow Koreans. E mperor Hirohito awards the metal himself. (NB: |
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In 1945, Col. Kim is embraced by US and Rhee (photo: Gen. Kim with an American adviser). On June 2, 1948, Col. Kim proudly lead 2,500 Korean vets of the Japanese Army through the streets of Seoul wearing Japanese uniforms and singing Japanese songs. In 1948, Rhee puts Kim Sok Won in charge of the S Korean border units. In 1950, Rhee wants to make Kim the commander of the S Korean Army, but the US officials overrule Rhee. The Americans have no taste for Kim's Japanese banzai tactics and his close ass ociation with Rhee. |
| July 12, 1940 - Kim Chae Bom and Kim Kwang Hak, both Company Commanders, 2nd Army, are captured and executed. | |
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Aug. 1940 - Kim Il Sung's guerrillas are losing people left and right. The Japanese police are really squeezing them hard. The guerrillas redouble their recruitment efforts. The initial induction to the anti-Japanese movement is done through friendly conversations with a local cadre or a new recruit out to earn some brownie points. The recruit candidate ("target") does not know that he is talking to a Kim Il Sung's man. If the target is deemed reliable, then he is told that he is part of the guerrilla group already, and he will be exposed to the Jap police, if he does not cooperate. If the recruit tip off the police, well watch out! He will be branded a traitor; he and his entire family will be killed by the guerrillas. |
| Sept. 17, 1940 - Chung King, China: Kim Ku (Korean Provisional Government) forms a new army (Kwangbok Army) of about 300 men. | |
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Sept. 27, 1940 - Park Tuk Bum (photo: Park upon his capture along with captured weapons), a close comrade of Kim Il Sung, Chief-of-Staff, 3rd Army, is arrested and executed. |
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Most of the partisan leaders - including Kim Kwang Hak, Kim Chae Bom, and the senior
Korean commander Chu Chin - are betrayed by their own people and killed off (photo: heads
of dead partisans.) The Japanese display severed heads of dead partisans (photo: heads are
strung up on a laundry pole) in order to intimidate the populace into submission. The Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army had some 30,000 partisans at its peak in mid-1930's. It was made of three route armies. Each route army was made of several armies which was made of 1 to 3 divisions each. A division had 200 to 600 men. Kim Il Sung was commander of the 6th Division, 2nd Army, 1st Route Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army. Chu Chin was commander of the 2nd Army when he was killed by a Korean traitor. Choe Hyon is commander of the 4th Division of the same Army. The 7th Army of the 2nd Route Army was commanded by Yi Hak Man and Choe Yong Gun (later to become Defense Minister of N Korea). Kim Chaek is political commissar of the 3rd Army of the 3rd Route Army. All but Yi Hak Nam escape to Siber ia and join the Soviet Army 88th Guerrilla Unit. |